Injuries, Diseases and Diagnoses

Learn about Parkinson’s disease – from early symptoms and diagnostic signs to treatment, prognosis, and physiotherapy across all disease stages

Dehydration is a condition where the body loses more fluid than it takes in, leading to an imbalance of water and electrolytes vital for normal cell function. It can result from illness, heat, insufficient intake, or diuretic use. Children and the elderly are particularly vulnerable, with infants at risk of rapid and severe fluid loss. Types include isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic dehydration. Symptoms range from thirst, fatigue, and dizziness to confusion, shock, and org

Learn how physiotherapy improves gait, balance, and mobility in people with multiple sclerosis through evidence-based training methods.

Comprehensive guide on Javelin Thrower’s Elbow (UCL injury). Learn about causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and physiotherapy rehabilitation for throwing athletes.

Oncology is about the causes, treatment, and rehabilitation of cancer. Physiotherapists play a central role in maintaining function and quality of life throughout the entire course of the disease.

Learn causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of adult cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis), plus evidence-based physiotherapy strategies.

Acute respiratory failure is a life-threatening condition where the lungs cannot provide enough oxygen or remove carbon dioxide effectively. It can develop rapidly from lung diseases such as pneumonia, COPD, or ARDS, or from neurological and muscular causes affecting breathing. Symptoms include shortness of breath, confusion, cyanosis, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness. Diagnosis is based on blood gas analysis and clinical findings, while treatment involves oxygen th

Comprehensive overview of lumbar spondylosis: age-related spinal degeneration, clinical features, imaging, conservative and surgical options, and outcome measures for physiotherapy.

Mechanisms, imaging signs, Gartland grading, complications and treatment pathways, plus practical rehab tips for children.

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most often caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct. The condition leads to pain in the upper right abdomen, sometimes radiating to the shoulder or back, and may be accompanied by nausea, fever, and indigestion. Treatment usually involves hospitalization, antibiotics, and surgical removal of the gallbladder.

Atherosclerosis, also known as hardening of the arteries, is a progressive condition that silently damages blood vessels for years before symptoms appear. This article explains how plaque formation develops, which risk factors accelerate the process, and how early prevention, medical treatment, and physiotherapy can reduce the risk of severe complications such as heart attack, stroke, and peripheral artery disease.

Learn about meningitis — a serious infection causing inflammation of the brain and spinal cord membranes. Causes, symptoms, and treatment explained.

Learn about Smith’s fracture — a distal radius fracture caused by a fall on a flexed wrist. Covers mechanism, diagnosis, complications, treatment, and physiotherapy rehabilitation.

Addison’s disease, also known as primary chronic adrenal insufficiency, is a rare but serious disorder where the adrenal glands fail to produce enough cortisol and aldosterone. This hormone deficiency disrupts metabolism, fluid balance and stress response, and can be life-threatening if untreated.

A detailed medical overview of malaria including its etiology, transmission, global impact, complications, vaccines, and physiotherapy relevance.

Specific low back pain includes conditions such as spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, disc herniation, radiculopathy, spinal stenosis, Scheuermann’s disease, and cauda equina syndrome. Management combines conservative strategies like physiotherapy, rest, bracing, and medications, with surgery considered in severe or persistent cases. Physiotherapy plays a key role in improving strength, mobility, and function while preventing long-term disability.

Skier’s thumb is an acute partial or complete rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ) due to a hyperabduction injury. The injury typically occurs when the thumb is subjected to a strong lateral and backward traction force. The terms “skier’s thumb” and “gamekeeper’s thumb” are often used interchangeably, but skier’s thumb relates to acute trauma, whereas gamekeeper’s thumb refers to a chronic overuse injury.

Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries are a common cause of ulnar-sided wrist pain, often affecting athletes and manual workers. Proper diagnosis, conservative treatment, and in some cases surgery with rehabilitation are essential for restoring stability and function.

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a serious, lifelong inflammatory bowel disease that affects the entire intestinal wall. The condition has a fluctuating course with flare-ups and symptom-free periods, and repeated inflammation can lead to strictures, fistulas, and scarring. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, fever, anemia, and perianal complications. The disease is most common in industrialized countries, with onset often between ages 15–30 and 40–60. Treatment de

Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) is a challenging and often underdiagnosed condition. It involves inappropriate mast cell activation with symptoms affecting multiple organ systems. Early recognition, accurate testing and targeted treatment can improve patient outcomes – and physiotherapists are central in management.